PERBEDAAN PENGETAHUAN SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH PENYULUHAN TENTANG MENCUCI TANGAN PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI DINAS SOSIAL LANSIA PEMATANGSIANTAR TAHUN 2020
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Emmanuella Natasya Hartanty
Dollar Oktha Rendi Damanik
Letjen Sustris Purba
Nova Adelina Saragih
Febri Sinaga
COVID-19 atau Coronavirus Disease 2019 adalah penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2). COVID-19 diperkirakan menyebar di antara orang-orang melalui percikan pernapasan yang dihasilkan pada saat batuk dan percikan dari seseorang yang sedang bersin serta didapat dari permukaan benda yang sudah terkontaminasi yang kemudian secara tidak sengaja menyentuh wajah seseorang. Salah satu kelompok yang paling rentan terinfeksi COVID-19 adalah orang lanjut usia (lansia) berusia 60 tahun keatas. Dinas Sosial Lansia Pematangsiantar merupakan tempat para lansia hidup tanpa menggantungkan diri pada anak atau keluarganya. Ini merupakan kelompok umur yang sangat rentan dengan penularan COVID-19, sehingga perlu bagi mereka untuk bisa memahami bagaimana cara pencegahan COVID-19. Salah satu cara pencegahan COVID-19 adalah dengan mencuci tangan. Cuci tangan merupakan rutinitas yang murah dan mudah, serta penting dalam prosedur pengontrolan infeksi, dan merupakan metode terbaik untuk mencegah transmisi mikroorganisme. Pada penelitian ini, mengkaji tentang perbedaan pengetahuan sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan tentang mencuci tangan pada masa pandemi COVID-19 di Dinas Sosial Lansia Pematangsiantar Tahun 2020. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah suatu studi One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Ini merupakan salah satu bentuk Pre-Experimental Design. Populasi dan sampel padapenelitian ini adalah 30 orang lansia. Hasil pre-test mendapatkan nilai rata-rata 2,37 sedangkan hasil post-test mendapatkan nilai rata-rata 9,67. Berdasarkan uji SPSS yang telah dilakukan (P=0,000; α = 0,05) Ha (hipotesis alternative) diterima karena nilai p-value ≤ 0,005 sehingga Ho ditolak dengan harga level of significance (α) = 5% sehingga hipotesis alternative diterima. Dengan demikian kesimpulan pada penelitian ini adalah adanya perbedaan pengetahuan sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan tentang mencuci tangan pada masa pandemi COVID-19 di Dinas Sosial Lansia Pematangsiantar.
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