PENGGUNAAN OBAT DITINJAU DARI INDIKATOR PERESEPAN MENURUT WHO DI PUSKESMAS TAPIAN DOLOK KABUPATEN SIMALUNGUN TAHUN 2020
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Ismi Noer Fadilah
Shofian Syarifuddin
Mustaruddin
Muhartri Sanjaya
World Health Organization (WHO) memperkirakan terdapat sekitar 50% dari seluruh penggunaan obat yang tidak tepat dalam peresepan, penyiapan, dan penjualannya. Sekitar 50% lainnya tidak digunakan secara tepat oleh pasien. Penggunaan obat yang tidak tepat akan menimbulkan banyak masalah. Masalah-masalah tersebut diantaranya meliputi segi efektivitas, efek samping, interaksi, ekonomi dan penyalahgunaan obat. Oleh karena itu, dalam penggunaan obat diperlukan pertimbangan yang tepat agar penggunaannya efektif dan efisien. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan evaluasi rasionalitas penggunaan obat di puskesmas Tapian Dolok Kabupaten Simalungun periode Januari-Maret 2020 ditinjau dari indikator peresepan menurut WHO. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian analisis deskriptif yang menggunakan metode retrospektif. Pengumpulan sampel berasal dari data sekunder dengan mengobservasi resep periode Januari-Maret 2020. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah total obat yang digunakan selama periode Janauri-Maret 2020 di Puskesmas Tapian Dolok Kabupaten Simalungun sebanyak 981 item obat dengan rata-rata jumlah obat/resep adalah 3,9. Penggunaan obat generik sebesar 938 obat dengan jumlah persentase penggunaan sebesar 95,6%. Persentase penggunaan antibiotika pada infeksi saluran pernafasan akut (ISPA) non pneumonia sebesar 92,08% dan Diare non spesifik sebesar 92,86%. Persentase penggunaan injeksi pada myalgia sebesar 0%. Penggunaan antibiotika pada kasus ISPA non pneumonia dan Diare non spesifik masih belum memenuhi kriteria WHO (≤30%.) dan persentase penggunaan obat generik juga masih belum memnuhi kriteria WHO (100%).
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